Transformational Grammar 챕터 3, 4 요약

소개

지금은 절판되어 구하기 힘든 Radford (1981) Transformational Grammar의 북챕터 3, 4 요약입니다.
영어학/통사파트 관련 임용 필독서입니다.

목차

1. X-bar Syntax
2. The Lexicon

본문내용

3. X-bar Syntax
- The internal structure of P-markers
√ Branches (connecting lines), terminal nodes (the end node), nonterminal nodes (the other nodes)
√ Precedence (sisterhood relationship): X precedes Y if X occurs to the left of Y
√ Dominance (mother-daughter relationship): X dominates Y if X occurs higher up in the tree than Y
√ Tree structure in any language does not contain crossed branches
- There is no restriction on the number of elements that the Phrase set may or must contain => Even one word can be a phrase
√ e.g. the distribution of expressions like car: Fast cars; Very fast cars, Those very fast cars in the same (i.e. subject) position
√ Proforms can be either Pro-X or Pro-XP (e.g. John=he; The man=he)
◎ X-Bar Theory
- “X-Bar Theory”, why?
1) PS Syntax is too restricted in the number of types of categories it permits
√ There seems to be an intermediate layer (e.g. [this [very tall [girl]N]??]NP => very tall girl can be a constituent (one substitution possible) as well => one can function as pro-N’)

참고자료

· Radford (1981) Transformational Grammar