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UCP
The function of the uncoupling protein thermogenin (UCP) in the inner membrane of brown adipose tissue mitochondria. Brown adipose tissue is the only dedicated heat-producing tissue in the mammalian body. It is the activity of a single, unique protein ­ the uncoupling protein ­ which is the molecular background for the heat-producing ability of the tissue.
The activity of the uncoupling protein is mainly studied in isolated brown-fat mitochondria. The uncoupling protein functions as a transporter (a carrier or a channel) over the mitochondrial membrane. The physiological function of the uncoupling protein is probably to transport H+; this may perhaps be in the form of the reverse transport of OH-. Experimentally, the transported species include halide anions as well as bulky, hydrophobic anions.
All these transport activities may be inhibited by the binding of purine nucleotides to a site on the uncoupling protein itself. This leads to conformational changes in the structure of the uncoupling protein, inducing an inhibition of transport. Physiologically, it is likely that a postlipolytic event activates the uncoupling protein acutely, but the molecular nature of this process is still not understood.

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