아시아개발은행 원조배분 결정요인에 대한 연구: 의사결정 거버넌스와 세계은행 원조배분의 영향을 중심으로 (An Analysis of Determinants of Aid Allocation by Asian Development Bank : Focusing on ADB’s Governance and the World Bank’s Aid)

서지정보

· 발행기관 : 한국국제정치학회
· 수록지 정보 : 국제정치논총 / 58권 / 2호 / 239 ~ 268페이지
· 저자명 : 장해인, 정헌주

초록

본 연구의 목적은 아시아개발은행(Asian Development Bank, ADB)의공적개발원조 배분에 영향을 미치는 요인을 실증적으로 분석하는 것이다. 원조 배분에 관한 대부분의 선행연구는 양자 원조에 초점을 맞춰 수원국의 필요와 공여국의 이익에 기반을 둔 분석을 하고 있기 때문에 이를 활용하여 다자개발은행인 ADB에 의한 원조 배분을 분석하기에는 적합하지 않다. 따라서 본 연구는 ADB의 원조 배분과 관련한 의사결정에 영향을 미칠 것으로생각되는 내적 요인과 외적 요인이 ADB의 원조 배분에 어떠한 영향을 미치는지 살펴본다. 첫째, 내적 요인으로는 ADB의 의사결정 구조에 초점을 두어각 회원국이 배출한 ADB 상임이사의 수와 각 회원국의 투표권에 주목한다.
둘째, 외적 요인으로는 동료 원조기관의 원조 배분에 영향을 받는지를 살펴보기 위하여 ADB 설립 당시 모델로 한 세계은행의 원조 배분을 활용하였다

영어초록

This paper aims to empirically examine what affects aid allocation of Asian Development Bank. While most previous studies emphasize recipient needs or donor interests as key determinants of aid allocation by donor countries, those by ADB, a multilateral donor, are relatively underexplored. Therefore, it takes a closer look at three factors that supposedly affect ADB’s decision on aid allocation to recipient countries. The first and second factors relate to ADB’s internal governance such as the number of directors from a recipient country in ADB’s board of directors and the country’s voting power. The third factor that might affect ADB’s aid allocation to a given recipient country is the World Bank’s aid to the country because the former was modeled on the latter, a fellow multilateral development bank, and they regularly communicate and collaborate with each other. The results show that the number of directors from a recipient country and the World Bank’s aid amount to the country have statistically significant and positive effects on the aid amount provided by ADB to it. Meanwhile, the voting power of a recipient country is found to have a negative effect on ADB’s aid allocation to the country, which is also statistically significant.
It is so because the voting power of a member country is determined by the amount of subscribed capital it provides to ADB, which in turn is closely related to its economic power. Unlike previous studies, it also finds that Japan’s aid allocation is not significantly related to ADB’s aid allocation, suggesting declining influence of Japan in ADB aid decisions. This paper positively contributes to the existing literature by showing that ADB’s internal governance and the World Bank’s aid allocation affect ADB’s aid distribution with statistical analyses. Moreover, its policy implication is that a strategic approach to ADB’s internal governance might be necessary if a country is to affect its aid decisions.

참고자료

· 없음