옹정제(雍正帝)의 사상투쟁 －『대의각미록(大義覺迷錄)』의 화이론(華夷論)과 ‘중외일통(中外一統)’ 이론－ (The Ideological Struggle of the Yongzheng Emperor -‘The Theory of the Civilized and the Barbarians’ in Resolving Confusion with a Discourse on Righteousness (大義覺迷錄, Da yi zue mi lu)-)

서지정보

· 발행기관 : 성균관대학교 인문학연구원
· 수록지 정보 : 인문과학 / 77호 / 123 ~ 159페이지
· 저자명 : 송인주

초록

본 연구는 옹정제(雍正帝)의 『대의각미록(大義覺迷錄)』을 중심으로, 옹정 연간 청조(淸朝)의 화이사상(華夷思想)과 ‘중외일통(中外一統)’ 사상에대해서 분석한다. 옹정제의 『대의각미록』에 대해서는 중국, 일본, 한국에서 상당한 연구가 진행되었고, 최근에는 옹정제의 화이사상을 현대 중국의 다민족통합국가의 논리의 원류로 보는 연구도 진행되었다. 그러나 본연구에서는 이러한 최근 연구 경향에 대해서 다소 비판적으로 받아들일필요가 있으며, 옹정제의 『대의각미록』은 어디까지나 강남 한인들의 화이사상을 돌파하는 데에 최종 목표가 있음을 밝히고자 한다.

영어초록

The purpose of this study is to examine ‘the theory of the civilized and the barbarians (華夷思想)’ and ‘the theory of Unification of Chinese and Foreign (中外一統)’ in Resolving Confusion with a Discourse on Righteousness (大義覺迷錄, Da yi zue mi lu)’. Especially, this study insists that the aim of Resolving Confusion with a Discourse on Righteousness was to overthrow ‘the theory of the civilized and the barbarians (華夷思想)’ of Han China in the Yongzheng Emperor era of the Qing Dynasty, not the establishment of the theory of the unification of multiethnic states.
Recently, some researchers of Resolving Confusion with a Discourse on Righteousness insisted that the purpose of the book’s publication was the Yongzheng Emperor’s agenda of establishing a multiethnic empire. Besides, they insisted that ‘the theory of Unification of Chinese and Foreign (中外一 統)’ was linked to the theory of ‘the unification of multiethnic states (多民 族統合國家)’ in modern China as well as that of ‘Great Unification (大一統) of the Qing Dynasty’ in the Qianlong era. Although the theories of Resolving Confusion with a Discourse on Righteousness influenced the theories of multiethnic states in the late Qing Dynasty and modern China in some degrees, I think that Yongzheng Emperor’s purpose of publishing Resolving Confusion with a Discourse on Righteousness was not saying about the establishment of the theory of the unification of multiethnic states.
First of all, the purpose of Yongzheng Emperor was to overthrow ‘the theory of the civilized and the barbarians (華夷思想)’ of Han China in Jiangnan (江南)’. The Qing Dynasty had formally been the ‘Manchu’ state which conquered Han China. So, in the Yongzheng reign, it was very important for the Qing emperors including Yongzheng drawing a willing obedience from the Han Chinese in Jiangnan. Additionally, in the Yongzheng reign, the Qing Dynasty had not yet conquered the non-ethnic Chinese regions, including Mongolia, Tibet, and Xinzhang. Consequently, the Yongzheng Emperor wanted to display the legitimacy of Chinese Emperor (中華君主)’ not a blueprint of a multiethnic empire. The vision of a multiethnic empire of Qing was presented by the Qianlong Emperor, the son of Yongzheng. The publication of Resolving Confusion with a Discourse on Righteousness was the Yongzheng Emperor’s ‘ideological struggle’ against the Han Chinese in Jiangnan.

참고자료

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